English name:
Meadow Brown
Full scientific name:
Maniola jurtina (Linnaeus, 1758)
Croatian name:
Veliko volovsko oko
Flight Period and Life Cycle

1-2 broods per year. Overwinters as caterpillar.
Distribution in Croatia
The entire territory including the islands. Check the included map.
External Morphology Characteristics
The wings are brown. In males, the upper side of the forewing is darker towards the basal zone. The underside of the wings can vary in appearance. On both sides of the forewing near the tip, there is usually a small spot, which can be single or double. In males, these spots are usually smaller. In contrast, females have a distinct bright orange area on the upper side of the forewing that is absent in males. On the hindwing’s underside, males usually have small dark spots, but females frequently lack them. Additionally, females tend to have a more prominent, broad light stripe in the postdiscal and submarginal zones of the hindwing’s underside.
Behavior
When lands, it keeps wings closed.
Caterpillar Host Plants
Family Poaceae.
Habitat
From woodland clearances to meadows and gardens. Elevations: 0-1500m.
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