Maniola jurtina

English name:
Meadow Brown
Full scientific name:
Maniola jurtina (Linnaeus, 1758)
Croatian name:
Veliko volovsko oko

Red Book Category in EU: LC

Red Book Category in Croatia: NE

Wings span: 45-55 mm

Maniola jurtina, male, Lika, 0521N3897
Maniola jurtina, male, Lika, 0521N3897
Maniola jurtina, male, Lika, 0521N3897
Maniola jurtina, male, Lika, 0521N3897
Maniola jurtina, female, Velebit, 0720N0936
Maniola jurtina, female, Velebit, 0720N0936
Maniola jurtina, female, Velebit, 0720N0936
Maniola jurtina, female, Velebit, 0720N0936

Flight Period and Life Cycle

Flight period of Maniola jurtina in Croatia
Flight period of Maniola jurtina in Croatia

1-2 broods per year. Overwinters as caterpillar.

Distribution in Croatia

Distribution of Maniola jurtina in Croatia
Distribution of Maniola jurtina in Croatia

The entire territory including the islands. Check the included map.

External Morphology Characteristics

The wings are brown. In males, the upper side of the forewing is darker towards the basal zone. The underside of the wings can vary in appearance. On both sides of the forewing near the tip, there is usually a small spot, which can be single or double. In males, these spots are usually smaller. In contrast, females have a distinct bright orange area on the upper side of the forewing that is absent in males. On the hindwing’s underside, males usually have small dark spots, but females frequently lack them. Additionally, females tend to have a more prominent, broad light stripe in the postdiscal and submarginal zones of the hindwing’s underside.

Behavior

When lands, it keeps wings closed.

Caterpillar Host Plants

Family Poaceae.

Habitat

From woodland clearances to meadows and gardens. Elevations: 0-1500m.

Gallery

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